Reading dynamics relatively

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Reading the staff

Piano and forte indicate relative performance intensity, not a universal sound-pressure value. Their effect depends on the instrument, register, context and musical role.

Shape the phrase before adjusting the balance of melody and accompaniment. A crescendo is a process rather than a sudden jump. MIDI velocity may affect it differently in different instruments.

Example

A piano accompaniment may still need adjustment if it masks a piano melody.

Try it

Must two instruments with the same dynamic marking sound equally loud?

Related topics

References

Music Theory for the 21st-Century Classroom

Subject-expert review pending.